Psicologia Cognitiva Sternberg.pdf
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Psicologia Cognitiva Sternberg: A Comprehensive Guide to Cognitive Psychology
Psicologia Cognitiva Sternberg is a book by Robert J. Sternberg, a renowned cognitive psychologist and professor at Cornell University. The book provides an overview of the history, theories, methods, and applications of cognitive psychology, the scientific study of how people think, learn, remember, and solve problems.
In this article, we will summarize the main topics covered by Sternberg in his book, such as:
The origins and development of cognitive psychology as a discipline
The different perspectives and approaches to understanding cognition
The cognitive processes involved in perception, attention, memory, language, reasoning, problem-solving, decision-making, intelligence, creativity, and metacognition
The neural and biological bases of cognition
The individual and cultural differences in cognition
The practical implications and applications of cognitive psychology in education, health, work, law, and everyday life
By reading this article, you will gain a deeper insight into the fascinating field of cognitive psychology and how it can help you improve your own cognitive abilities and performance.The Origins and Development of Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology emerged as a distinct field of study in the 1960s, as a reaction to the dominant paradigm of behaviorism. Behaviorism focused on observable behaviors and their relation to stimuli and reinforcements, while ignoring the internal mental processes that mediate them. Behaviorists argued that mental phenomena were subjective and unscientific, and that only objective and measurable data could be used to study psychology.
However, some psychologists were dissatisfied with the limitations of behaviorism and sought to explore the hidden aspects of the mind. They were influenced by various sources, such as:
The development of computer science and artificial intelligence, which offered new models and metaphors for understanding cognition as information processing
The emergence of cognitive neuroscience, which revealed the neural mechanisms and structures underlying cognitive functions
The revival of Gestalt psychology, which emphasized the holistic and dynamic nature of perception and cognition
The rise of linguistics, which demonstrated the complexity and generativity of human language and communication
The growth of cognitive anthropology, which showed the diversity and universality of cognitive processes across cultures
These influences led to the formation of cognitive psychology as a new discipline that aimed to investigate the mental representations, structures, and processes that underlie human cognition. Cognitive psychologists adopted a variety of methods and techniques, such as experiments, observations, interviews, surveys, computer simulations, brain imaging, and neuropsychological tests. They also developed various theories and models to explain and predict cognitive phenomena. aa16f39245